{"id":91369,"date":"2021-10-21T07:00:57","date_gmt":"2021-10-21T11:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/?p=91369"},"modified":"2021-10-19T15:32:00","modified_gmt":"2021-10-19T19:32:00","slug":"poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/","title":{"rendered":"Poison Hemlock, Poison Ivy & Other Opportunists Are On The Rise"},"content":{"rendered":"

Poison hemlock, poison ivy and other nuisance plants have been gaining ground over the last several years. In some cases, they’re also becoming more potent. \u201cAs the climate is changing, there’s a lot of change in migration of where a particular plant will grow,\u201d says Dr. Lewis Ziska<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ziska is an associate professor in Environmental Health Sciences at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. He’s also the author of Agriculture, Climate Change, and Food Security in the 21st Century: Our Daily Bread<\/em><\/a>. \u201cI look at the plant biology parts of climate change,\u201d he explains. \u201cThat’s everything from pollen and allergies to poison ivy to pesticide use.\u201d<\/p>\n

He continues, \u201cPoison hemlock tends to grow in open, sunny areas, fields, vacant lots and so forth. So, it’s fairly common\u2014particularly in disturbed areas.\u201d<\/p>\n

\n

Read more: Control poison hemlock early in the spring for healthy pastures.<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

On the Move<\/h3>\n

If poison hemlock follows the path that other opportunistic, invasive species have lately, it will likely head northward. In part, that’s due to warming temperatures.<\/p>\n

However, increasing disturbances to our landscapes from wildfires, flooding and other extreme weather events also contribute to the problem.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf it’s a natural disturbance like a hurricane that goes through and removes all of the normal vegetation, that provides an opportunity for these species to come in,\u201d Ziska says.<\/p>\n

Extra Poisonous Ivy?<\/h3>\n

Besides warmer temperatures and more landscape disturbances, climate change is bringing rising carbon dioxide levels, too. In some cases, that boost in CO2<\/sub> has affected the toxicology and chemistry of certain plants, including poison ivy.<\/p>\n

\u201cWith poison ivy, the primary chemical that causes contact dermatitis\u2014rashes\u2014is urushiol, which is an oil that poison ivy produces,\u201d Ziska notes. \u201cUrushiol basically binds with your skin cells and turns them into a foreign body that’s recognized by your immune system as being foreign. Because it’s recognized as being foreign, your body starts to attack it.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cWe’ve seen that poison ivy urushiol can be affected by rising CO2<\/sub>,\u201d he adds. \u201cWe think it’s related to what’s called a ‘resource use hypothesis.’\u201d<\/p>\n

In other words? \u201cIf you provide something in the soil or in the air that’s essential for the plant to grow, then the plant will adapt to that change,\u201d Ziska says.<\/p>\n

\u201cSo, for example, if I add a lot of nitrogen in fertilizer to my backyard, then you’ll see the plants will start producing chemicals that are high in nitrogen. It’s just their way of being able to utilize that additional resource.\u201d<\/p>\n

And when you add more carbon to the air? \u201cUrushiol and other compounds that are high in carbon tend to go up,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n

\n

Read more: Learn to recognize poison hemlock so you can keep your livestock safe.<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Crop Concerns<\/h3>\n

According to Ziska, there’s a flip side to all that extra carbon. \u201c[Plant] compounds that require a lot of nitrogen\u2014such as proteins\u2014may start to go down,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n

That means important dietary staples like rice and wheat could lose some of their nutritional value. To try to mitigate the problem, crop scientists could try selecting for crop varieties that don’t exhibit strong declines in protein. Planting a wider variety of crop types could also make a difference.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Closer to Home<\/h3>\n

More noxious weeds increasingly may take hold, but you can protect yourself and your homestead. For smaller properties, you can conduct regular walk-throughs. For much larger areas, you may want to map what’s growing with the help of a drone.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou basically want to keep track of how the demographics are changing in your plants,\u201d Ziska says. \u201cIf you see something new that you’ve never seen before, there’s software online now that you can use to identify it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Once you’ve identified any new arrivals, you can get a better sense of the risks it may pose to you, your pets and any livestock.<\/p>\n

\u201cKeeping an eye on what is coming in and how it comes in is, first and foremost, the most effective means of making sure that these things don’t get established,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n

A Competitive Field<\/h3>\n

You’ll likely notice that some parts of your land are more vulnerable to opportunistic weeds than others. \u201cIf you have marginal areas that are prone to flooding and that constantly get disturbed, that’s where you need to look out,\u201d Ziska says.<\/p>\n

And, possibly, install a rain garden. That’s because areas with healthy, established plants are much less vulnerable to weedy takeovers.<\/p>\n

The bottom line? \u201cWith greater disturbances associated with climate change, they’re going to provide greater opportunities for these kinds of opportunistic weeds to become established,\u201d Ziska concludes. \u201cVigilance is key to fighting that.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Be prepared to see increasing changes both in weeds we fight, such as poison hemlock and poison ivy, and in the crops we grow.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":91465,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10458,427,402],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-farm-garden","category-farm-management","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPoison Hemlock & Poison Ivy Are On The Rise - Hobby Farms<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Be prepared to see increasing changes both in weeds we fight, such as poison hemlock and poison ivy, and in the crops we grow.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Poison Hemlock, Poison Ivy & Other Opportunists Are On The Rise\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Be prepared to see increasing changes both in weeds we fight, such as poison hemlock and poison ivy, and in the crops we grow.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hobby Farms\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hobbyfarms\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-21T11:00:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-19T19:32:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/img.hobbyfarms.com\/poison_hemlock.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"462\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Susan Brackney\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@hobbyfarms\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@hobbyfarms\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Susan Brackney\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Susan Brackney\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0ba35a286638b782ac338f4fa1a1fed1\"},\"headline\":\"Poison Hemlock, Poison Ivy & Other Opportunists Are On The Rise\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-21T11:00:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-19T19:32:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/\"},\"wordCount\":806,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/img.hobbyfarms.com\/poison_hemlock.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Farm & Garden\",\"Farm Management\",\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.hobbyfarms.com\/poison-hemlock-poison-ivy-other-opportunists-are-on-the-rise\/\",\"name\":\"Poison Hemlock & Poison Ivy Are On The Rise - 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